Shadow of a Doubt (1943) | |
The Story (continued)
[Sunday] The next morning, after the conclusion of church services, Graham and Saunders (from across the street) summon Ann to relay a message to Charlie that they want to speak with her. Graham delegates his official authority to Saunders to avoid a conflict of interest. As Graham, Catherine, and Ann walk ahead [and Ann tells Catherine "the story of Dracula"], Charlie learns that the picture of Charles (on Saunders' sleight-of-handed roll of film) may identify her uncle as "the man":
Saunders suggests that she encourage her uncle to leave town "within a couple of hours" and she vehemently agrees: "I'll make him leave. I'll make him." She also decides, in a "bargain" that she'll let them know how and when Uncle Charles will go: "I'll tell you...but you can't ask me to spy on him and come running to you. We've made a bargain now. I'll get him to leave. That's all I'll do...I'll keep it. I'll let you know when he leaves." Walking in their final block toward home, Ann plays a superstitious sidewalk game, smartly warning as she skips and hops from paving stone to paving stone: "Step on a crack, you'll break your mother's back." She happily tells Jack Graham that she's already broken her "mother's back" three times that day. Charlie asks Ann to pick flowers to decorate the Sunday dinner table:
As she approaches the porch, Charles ominously appears with a mischievous look, while puffing (and rolling) his cigar and provoking her with blasphemous, anti-religion comments about dwindling church attendance [with a sly comment by the director on the length of the film itself]:
The next sequence is a meticulously-choreographed progression of facts that turn the film upside-down - making a "good ending." In amazement, both Charlie and Uncle Charles follow with their eyes and overhear a conversation between Herb and Joe as they turn the corner around the house and walk by them. The two are discussing a noon broadcast and the death of the Merry Widow Murderer in the state of Maine - and obviously relishing the details of the murderer's death. [The other murder suspect, actually innocent, died a horrible death at an airport.]:
Joe and Herb are blissfully ignorant of the criminal murderer in their own midst. Feeling freed and relieved now that the case against him may be dropped, Uncle Charles' appetite is whetted by the news: "I can eat a good dinner today." Exultantly, he leaps up the stairs, two at a time. At the top of the hall stairs, he senses that Charlie - still nightmarishly real and threatening with her presence - is powerfully positioned below him. She has been looking at him from the outside porch. He slowly turns and faces the camera. He notices her framed in the doorway and matching his look. [From the outside, she looks into him - knowing and still possessing his murderous secret]. She is the only remaining threat that won't let him off the hook. The scene fades to black. A sharp, diagonally-angled shot of Uncle Charles in his upstairs room finds him pacing the floor - possibly contemplating the murder of his niece to strip her of the power she carries over him. As he voyeuristically watches her standing on the sidewalk in front of the house outside his window, his hands involuntarily clench in a strangling gesture. The power of his homicidal impulses causes him to let go of his phallic cigar. He sees Jack Graham drive up, hold Charlie's hand, and tell her about some "great news" - he strains to watch them as long as possible until they walk beyond his line of sight. Jack and Charlie saunter to the side of the house and to the inside of the garage for privacy. Jack announces, with some relief, that after a wire from Maine, the search is over ("we can call off the job"). To Charlie, her uncle has been one big nightmare: "I'd like to pretend the whole dreadful thing never happened." [Each stand in bright sunlight, although there is a large void of darkness - Uncle Charles - between them.] With shyness and self-deprecation, Jack discusses his intentions as her well-intentioned suitor [in contrast to her venal, psychopathic uncle]. He professes his love for her: "Who'd want a detective for a son-in-law?"
She encourages him to "please come back," and they take each other's arms, but he sidesteps hugging and kissing her in his arms. The shadow of the garage door as it slams shut from the wind moves over them [clueing the audience that the door malfunctions] - they struggle together and push it open and emerge into the sunlight again. Uncle Charles, who has been pacing in the driveway and on the lawn, insinuates improper intentions on Jack's part: "What are you two locking yourselves in the garage for? When I was young, we sat in the parlor." After saying goodbye to Graham (who mentions that he'll "be back...not on business though"), Uncle Charles affectionately (and hatefully) grabs Charlie's jaw in a strangling gesture of his love/hate for her:
Graham reminds Charlie to write: "You have all the addresses." She calls out "Jack!" as he pulls away, but his motor drowns out her cry as she is left alone with her uncle. She slowly turns to her right and sees him staring at her from the front porch. To avoid him, she takes the circuitous route around to the side entrance. Later, on the back porch, Charlie asks her mother if there are additions to the grocery list she is taking on a shopping errand. As she descends the back stairs, she trips on a broken step and falls midway, grabbing the railing to stop her momentum. For a brief moment, Uncle Charles appears in the foreground and intently peeks through the lower banister, undetected by her. Emma aids her daughter and fears: "Oh darling, you might have been killed." Charlie looks back at the fragmented piece of wood and suspiciously up toward the second-story of the house - a cut to Uncle Charles ascending the stairs (pausing and listening) implicates him in the 'accident'. That evening with a flashlight (to the tune of the Merry Widow waltz), Charlie inspects the broken stair for evidence of tampering. Uncle Charles' footsteps are heard on the back porch, and she climbs up to his level. In dark, profiled silhouettes, they confront each other with a clash of wills. He blackmails her by threatening to smear the family (that he ironically wants to "be a part of"), while she counter-attacks with threats to kill him, now that the misplaced ring no longer symbolizes their connectedness. She asks him when he intends to leave, but he responds that he has no intentions to depart but rather intends to "settle down." He makes it clear that her suspicions about him would break her mother's heart and endanger her father's job at the bank - and furthermore, she no longer has the ring as evidence:
That evening, the night of Uncle Charlie's lecture to Emma's women's club, Uncle Charles emerges from the garage where he has left the car running (after removing the key). He closes the garage door to enclose the poisonous carbon monoxide gases spewing from the car's exhaust pipe. The family is preparing to leave - Joe is uncomfortably dressed in a tuxedo, accented with a feminine, lavender-perfumed handkerchief. Underlining Joe's impotence as head of the family, Emma declares: "Oh Joe, I wish you could drive a car." "It's all arranged," says Uncle Charlie (with double meaning) - manipulatively, he insists that the rest of the family take a taxicab, while he drives in the family car with Charlie. He argues that he has to rehearse his speech on the way for his niece - his "severest critic." Sensing a catastrophe, Charlie grabs her mother's wrists [a gesture likening her to her uncle] while pleading with her to ride with them. Exasperatingly, Joe delays the family [and creates excruciating suspense] by climbing the stairs to get his overcoat. Charlie finds the dark, smoky garage filled with exhaust fumes - and there's no key in the car ignition. As she struggles to turn the car off, the garage door shuts and traps her on the inside. As part of the "arranged" pre-lecture 'entertainment,' a cool-looking Charles descends the stairs, mentions that it's cold, shuts the window and turns up the volume on the radio broadcast (to drown out screams): "I guess we'll have a little music while we wait." Suddenly, Herb rushes in the front door, agitated about hearing someone "caught in the garage...There's something the matter with the door." After the sounding of alarm, everyone rushes to the garage, where Charles kicks a wedged stick from under the door, re-inserts the car key into the ignition, turns off the engine, and returns to pick up Charlie and carry her to the lawn. When he kneels to help her and clasps her hand, she regains consciousness and firmly tells him: "Go away." Herb congratulates himself for his "quick-thinking" and for luckily passing by at the right moment. Emma praises Charles' bravery: "She might have died. You saved her. You kept your head. You knew just what to do." Charlie elects to stay behind and prepare for the after-lecture party for the guests. On the way to the lecture in the car's back seat, Emma is uncomprehending of the 'accidents' around her:
After everyone has left, Charlie frantically phones Jack unsuccessfully at a few locations - but she is unable to reach him. Angled camera shots imprisoning her behind stair banister shadows emphasize her frantic, upset, and trapped condition: "Mr. Graham isn't there?...And you don't expect him?...Can you tell me where I can reach him?" In a dramatically-lit sequence, Charlie rushes up to her uncle's room [where the camera remains stationary on the outside], opens the door, turns on the light, and rummages through his dresser drawer and other things. She is interrupted by the arrival of people from the lecture just as she takes the ring in her grasp. Noting that she needs to help, she calls out: "I'll be right down." Uncle Charles pours champagne for the guests and gives one glass to the widowed Mrs. Potter. Emma prefaces a tray of sandwiches to Mrs. Potter [a potential 'Merry Widow' murder victim] with a prophetic, tomato (blood)-soaked caution:
Mr. Green from the bank toasts "distinguished visitor" Mr. Oakley for the "best speech heard in this town for years" - he believes Charles would make a fine addition to the community. Basking in the praise, Uncle Charles glances toward the stairs, noticing with some delight that his beautiful niece, the very-much alive Charlie is making her dramatic entrance - and coming down another set of stairs. As he raises his glass with a smile: "Ah, here she is. Now for my toast," he stops short. The camera takes his point of view as he recognizes the emerald ring on her right hand as it glides down the stair railing - the shot tracks toward the offensive, condemning object, framing it in a gigantic closeup. [The ring also symbolizes their 'wedded' natures of the bride and bridegroom.] His face sours, he lowers his glass, composes himself, and then raises his glass toward her for a different, conciliatory, surrendering toast:
Coincidentally, Mrs. Potter offers herself to Charles to be his next victim: "I was planning to go to San Francisco myself tomorrow morning." Emma is devastated by the unexpected announcement of her brother's departure, but he softens the blow to her and the audience with a sentimental appeal to the town:
Uncle Charles explains that he has arranged with Dr. Phillips (Grandon Rhodes) for a philanthropic memorial to the town's children. Awkwardly losing control of her emotions in front of everyone (only Mrs. Potter acknowledges Emma's grief by not being embarrassed and looking away), Emma sobs and poignantly laments the loss of her brother and the freedom that she had before marrying. [Young Charlie's earlier shrewd diagnosis that her family was suffering is now given voice here]:
[Monday] At the train station, community leaders (the Greens and the Phillips) bid Uncle Charles farewell. They commend him on his character, generosity and one-ness with them: "...We feel you're one of us...And bless you for your gift to our hospital. The children will bless you too in all the years to come." Charles takes his mother's hands as the train pulls into the station behind her. Entranced by his farewells to the family, Charlie is dressed in mourning garb as a widow - a black dress with a shiny black purse. Charles invites Roger and Ann to come onto the train with him to see his cabin ("to see the "rooms...the private ones"), and Charlie "to see that I get off." Inside the train, Charlie's back is to the camera as she watches Roger bouncing on the seat in Uncle Charlie's compartment. As her uncle walks up the train corridor, he waves directly at the camera - Mrs. Potter waves back from the far end of the car. [She will undoubtedly be his next victim once the train leaves the station.] Ann is distressed about being left on the train once it starts: "I don't want to get carried away." Taking Charlie aside, he admits that she was right to tell him to leave. But then, just after the children step off, he maneuvers to hold onto Charlie's arm in the tunnel-like corridor of the train and detain her:
In this exciting climax to their relationship - one of continual battle for knowledge and dominance, she struggles into the space between the cars, while he grips her mouth and throat and opens the door to fling her onto the tracks. He explains his homicidal intentions: "I've got to do this, Charlie, so long as you know what you do about me." He twists her around in his tight embrace, as she grapples with him. He lifts her off the ground - her legs dangle in the air. Her black-gloved hand grips the door handle and then loses its hold. Both watch the passing blur of landscape and tracks (two parallel railway tracks become one), delaying the inevitable plunge into death. Uncle Charles prepares her by waiting for the right moment of lethal speed and exhilaration (and sexual receptiveness), educating her to the monstrous world that he earlier said she must learn - as his twin:
She reverses positions on him, upsets his balance and pushes him away - he falls headlong into the path of an oncoming, speeding train on an adjacent track. Her act frees him from his (and her) nightmares and from his curse to kill - she fulfills her earlier threat ("I'll kill you myself"), aiding her uncle to embrace death. The image dissolves to the one of dancing couples twirling to the Merry Widow Waltz. A huge funeral procession on the spectator-lined streets of Santa Rosa leads to the church, where Charlie stands at the front door with Jack Graham. Awkwardly joined together by tragedy and death (and not by romance), the couple are the only ones who share a secret bond - the knowledge of the true, diabolical story of a pathological killer, Charles Oakley. Earlier, she "did know more" about his unquestionable guilt yet remained silent with a "shadow of a doubt," becoming his accomplice and allowing him to have an opportunity to be free and kill again [his next victim would undoubtedly have been Mrs. Potter]. They listen to organ music and Dr. Phillip's ignorant eulogy, where Charlie's uncle is praised for his many civic contributions to Santa Rosa - his gifts of money and forthright character. Charlie keeps her uncle's murders a secret to the very end. Their conversation (an extremely contrasting point-of-view about Uncle Charlie compared to the one inside the church delivered by a conventional clergyman) drowns out the service in the background and criss-crosses back and forth with it as an ironic counterpoint. Charlie's view of the world is no longer idealistic after the horrors of the world were revealed to her through her evil uncle's view of the world. Jack's similarly skeptical view of the world echoes Uncle Charlie's cynicism - "it needs a lot of watching" because "every now and then," "crazy" types may corrupt it. [Jack's explanation of evil in the world is no better than Emma's description of her brother's childhood accident as the reason for his getting into "mischief"]:
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