The Story (continued)
When
Hackett brings up the preposterous idea to Nelson Chaney (Wesley
Addy) of Legal Affairs for the Network in the Executive Dining Room
at lunchtime, Chaney reacts: "I don't care how bankrupt! You
can't be seriously proposing and the rest of us seriously considering
putting on a pornographic network news show! The FCC'd kill us!" Hackett
persuasively argues that the financial incentives are worth the risk
to make the network profitable: "The affiliates will kiss your
ass if you can hand them a hit show...We're not a respectable network.
We're a whorehouse network, and we have to take whatever we can get." And
then he reasons with the skittish legal representatives:
Look, what in substance are we proposing? Merely
to add editorial comment to our network news show. Brinkley, Sevareid,
Reasoner all have their comments. Now Howard Beale will have his.
I think we ought to give it a shot. Let's see what happens tonight.
As Schumacher packs up his office and entertains other
news executives with humorous stories, Robert McDonough (Lane Smith)
his replacement to run the News Division, announces that Frank Hackett,
Chaney and Christensen want to give birth to The Howard Beale Show
- "to put Howard back on the air tonight...apparently, the ratings
went up five points last night and he wants Howard to go back on
and do his angry-man thing...They want Howard to go back on and yell
bulls--t. They want Howard to go on spontaneously letting out his
anger, a latter-day prophet, denouncing the hypocrisies of our times."
McDonough was initially appalled by the networks' decision: "I
told them, I said, 'Look, we're running a news department down here,
not a circus. And Howard Beale's not a bearded lady. And if you think
I'm gonna go along with this bastardization of the news, you can
have my resignation along with Max Schumacher's right now.'" Howard,
however, eagerly wishes to "be an angry prophet denouncing the
hypocrisies of our times." Because of the presumptuousness of
Hackett's "corporate maneuvering," Ruddy urges that Max
reconsider his resignation, and Schumacher is reinstated to his position
as UBS News Division President.
The narrator describes the declining ratings for the
new Howard Beale show:
The initial response to the new Howard Beale was
not auspicatory. The press was without exception hostile and industry
reaction negative. The ratings for the Thursday and Friday shows
were both 14, but Monday's rating dropped a point, clearly suggesting
the novely was wearing off.
After watching the evening show in the darkness of
his office, Schumacher becomes aware that Diana Christensen is standing
at his office doorway, relating what a parapsychologist that morning
had predicted for her future: "'For example,' she said, 'I just
had a fleeting vision of you sitting in an office with a craggy,
middle-aged man with whom you are or will be emotionally involved.'
And here I am." Her promotional interest in Howard Beale and
his show have faded, unless she can program the news division show
for success:
Beale doesn't do the angry man thing well at all.
He's too kvetchy. He's being irascible. We want a prophet, not
a curmudgeon. He should do more apocalyptic doom. I think you should
take on a couple of writers to write some jeremiads for him...The
fact is, I could make your Beale show the highest-rated news show
in television, if you'd let me have a crack at it...I'd like to
program it for you, develop it. I wouldn't interfere with the actual
news itself, but TV is show biz, Max, and even the News has to
have a little showmanship...I watched your six o'clock news today
- it's straight tabloid. You had a minute and a half of that lady
riding a bike naked in Central Park. On the other hand, you had
less than a minute of hard national and international news. It
was all sex, scandal, brutal crimes, sports, children with incurable
diseases and lost puppies. So I don't think I'll listen to any
protestations of high standards of journalism. Now, you're right
down in the street soliciting audiences like the rest of us. Look,
all I'm saying is, if you're gonna hustle, at least do it right.
Schumacher agrees with her: "I think Howard is
making a god-damn fool of himself, and so does everybody Howard and
I know in this industry. It was a fluke. It didn't work. Tomorrow,
Howard goes back to the old format and all of this gutter depravity
comes to an end." Realizing that she is plotting a "scam," Schumacher
learns that she has personally admired him "with a schoolgirl
crush" ever since she was a "kid majoring in speech at
the University of Missouri," and she has designs on taking over
his network news show "sooner or later, with or without you." Although
he had opposed the hard-nosed Diana and she is a potential threat,
Max begins an affair with her.
Max: Do you have a favorite restaurant?
Diana: I eat anything.
Max: Son of a bitch, I get a feeling I'm being made.
Diana: You are.
Max: I've got to warn you, I-I don't do anything on my first date.
Diana: We'll see.
Max: (to himself, muttering) Schmuck, what're you getting into?
During dinner at a restaurant, she relates her unhappy,
soul-dead personal life, and how she passionately breathes and lives
her work, television and high ratings:
I was married for four years and pretended to be
happy. I had six years of analysis and pretended to be sane. My
husband ran off with his boyfriend, and I had an affair with my
analyst who told me I was the worst lay he'd ever had. I can't
tell you how many men have told me what a lousy lay I am. I apparently
have a masculine temperament. I arouse quickly, consummate prematurely,
and can't wait to get my clothes back on and get out of that bedroom.
I seem to be inept at everything except my work. I'm good at my
work. So I confine myself to that. All I want out of life is a
30 share and a 20 rating.
As she seduces Max, a married man for twenty-five years
(with a married daughter in Seattle who is six months pregnant and
a younger girl who starts at Northwestern in January), she compares
their affair to the writing of a television script: "Well, Max,
here we are - middle-aged man reaffirming his middle-aged manhood
and a terrified young woman with a father complex. What sort of script
do you think we can make out of this?" He also learns that she
is not "Frank Hackett's backstage girl" - "Frank's
a corporation man, body and soul. He has no loves, lusts or allegiances
that are not consummately directed toward becoming a C.C. and A.
board member. So why should he bother with me? I'm not even a stockholder."
Max proposes that the next news broadcast will be "straight
news" because he is "killing this whole screwball angry
prophet thing." Howard, however, believes he has been inspired
by a "shrill, sibilant, faceless Voice" that awakened him
from sleep, and gave him a mission on television "to tell the
people the truth - not an easy thing to do because the people don't
want to know the truth." Max immediately suspends Howard and
suggests that he see a psychiatrist: "I think you're having
a breakdown, require treatment." Beale doesn't feel that he
has turned mad, but rather has been inspired:
This is not a psychotic episode. This is a cleansing
moment of clarity. I am imbued, Max. I am imbued with some special
spirit. It's not a religious feeling at all. It is a shocking eruption
of great electrical energy. I feel vivid and flashing as if suddenly
I had been plugged into some great electro-magnetic field. I feel
connected to all living things, to flowers, birds, to all the animals
of the world and even to some great unseen living force, what I
think the Hindus call prana. It is not a breakdown. I have
never felt more orderly in my life! It is a shattering and beautiful
sensation! It is the exalted flow of the space-time continuum,
save that it is spaceless and timeless and of such loveliness!
I feel on the verge of some great ultimate truth. And you will
not take me off the air for now or for any other spaceless time!
Howard swoons and collapses on the floor, and is brought
to sleep on the living room sofa that night in Max's New York apartment.
When Louise Schumacher (Beatrice Straight) rises out of bed the next
morning, Howard has already left and is nowhere to be found. At work,
Max is told by Hackett in his office that the network's ratings have
sky-rocketed, affiliates are calling, and fan mail is piling up: "The
son of a bitch is a hit, god-dammit. Over two thousand phone calls!..As
of this minute, over fourteen thousand telegrams! The response is
sensational...We've even got an editorial in the holy god-damn New
York Times -'A Call to Morality.'"
Beale's popularity and ratings have grown, but he is
more off-the-wall, unpredictable and uncontrollable. Max worries
about Howard's sanity, but his concern falls on the deaf ears of
Hackett and Christensen who want to capitalize on Howard's mental
problems by making the news division part of the entertainment schedule.
And then, Max is deposed a second time:
Max: He could be jumping off a roof for all I know.
The man is insane. He's not responsible for himself. He needs care
and treatment. And all you grave-robbers think about is that he's
a hit!
Diana: You know, Max, it's just possible that he isn't insane, that
he is, in fact, imbued with some special spirit.
Max: My God, I'm supposed to be the romantic. You're supposed to
be the hard-bitten realist.
Diana: All right. Howard Beale obviously fills a void. The audience
out there obviously wants a prophet, even a manufactured one, even
if he's as mad as Moses. By tomorrow, he'll have a 50 share, maybe
even a 60. Howard Beale is processed instant God, and right now,
it looks like he may just go over bigger than Mary Tyler Moore.
Max: I am not putting Howard back on the air.
Diana: It's not your show any more, Max, it's mine.
Hackett: I gave her the show, Schumacher. I'm putting the network
news show under programming. Mr. Ruddy has had a mild heart attack
and is not taking calls. In his absence, I'm making all network decisions,
including one I've been wanting to make a long time - you're fired.
The icy-cold, calculated VP of Programming had known
all along about Hackett's take-over and had thought that her late-night
visit to Max's office would prevent a "network hassle" and
help "work the Beale show out just between the two of us." Not
wanting to have Howard exploited "like a carnival freak" in "this
whole reeking business," Max threatens: "I'm gonna make
a lot of noise about this."
On the street outside the UBS Building in a drenching
rainstorm, Howard Beale walks toward work, wearing a brown overcoat
over his pajamas. In the lobby, he tells the security guard: "I
must make my witness," an indication of his increasing insanity.
With his hair soggy and unkempt, Howard is seated on-stage at the
news desk in the studio, as controllers raptly watch his progress
from the network news control room. When the show returns to the
desk where Howard has been prepared for the broadcast, he begins
his on-the-air rantings, ravings and editorials about the problems
of the world and the sorry state of mankind, energizing millions
of previously apathetic Americans. Beale delivers the nation's battle
cry with memorable lines in his rage-filled monologue, as the network
executives track the responses:
I don't have to tell you things are bad. Everybody
knows things are bad. It's a depression. Everybody's out of work
or scared of losing their job. The dollar buys a nickel's worth,
banks are going bust, shopkeepers keep a gun under the counter.
Punks are running wild in the street and there's nobody anywhere
who seems to know what to do, and there's no end to it. We know
the air is unfit to breathe and our food is unfit to eat, and we
sit watching our TVs while some local newscaster tells us that
today we had fifteen homicides and sixty-three violent crimes,
as if that's the way it's supposed to be. We know things are bad
- worse than bad. They're crazy. It's like everything everywhere
is going crazy, so we don't go out anymore. We sit in the house,
and slowly the world we are living in is getting smaller, and all
we say is: 'Please, at least leave us alone in our living rooms.
Let me have my toaster and my TV and my steel-belted radials and
I won't say anything. Just leave us alone.' Well, I'm not gonna
leave you alone. I want you to get MAD! I don't want you to protest.
I don't want you to riot - I don't want you to write to your Congressman
because I wouldn't know what to tell you to write. I don't know
what to do about the depression and the inflation and the Russians
and the crime in the street. All I know is that first you've got
to get mad. (shouting) You've got to say, 'I'm a human being, god-dammit!
My life has value!' So I want you to get up now. I want all of
you to get up out of your chairs. I want you to get up right now
and go to the window. Open it, and stick your head out, and yell, 'I'm
as mad as hell, and I'm not gonna take this anymore!' I
want you to get up right now. Sit up. Go to your windows. Open
them and stick your head out and yell - 'I'm as mad as hell
and I'm not gonna take this anymore!' Things have got to
change. But first, you've gotta get mad!...You've got to say, 'I'm
as mad as hell, and I'm not gonna take this anymore!' Then
we'll figure out what to do about the depression and the inflation
and the oil crisis. But first get up out of your chairs, open the
window, stick your head out, and yell, and say it: 'I'm as
mad as hell, and I'm not gonna take this anymore!'
Diana determines that the show is beamed live to sixty-seven
affiliates, including Atlanta and Louisville, and speaks by phone
to the general manager of the UBS affiliate of Atlanta - WCGG. She
is delighted that they're yelling Howard's words in Baton Rouge,
and exclaims wildly as she tosses the phone into the air: "Son-of-a-bitch.
We've struck the Mother Lode!" Within Max Schumacher's apartment,
his seventeen-year old daughter Caroline (Cindy Grover) has been
watching the show with her parents and heads to the living room window "to
see if anybody's yelling." As she opens the window - hearing
thunder crashes and viewing lightning flashes, she also hears a multitude
of neighboring voices of citizens yelling: "I'm as mad as
hell and I'm not gonna take this anymore!" It is a formidable,
furious symphony of angry, fed-up denouncements.
The narrator continues his off-screen commentary as
a jumbo 747 lands at the Los Angeles International Airport, where
Diana has gone to prepare programming for a second show:
By mid-October, the Howard Beale show had settled
in at a 42 share, more than equaling all the other network news
shows combined. In the Nielsen ratings, the Howard Beale show was
listed as the fourth highest-rated show of the month, surpassed
only by The Six Million Dollar Man, All in the Family, and Phyllis.
A phenomenal state of affairs for a news show. And on October the
15th, Diana Christensen flew to Los Angeles for what the trade
calls pow-wows and confabs with her West Coast programming execs
to get production rolling on the shows for the coming season.
In front of a programming board which displays the
schedules for all four networks, Diana speaks to a group of West
Coast program developers and story department personnel. Later, she
introduces herself as "a racist lackey of the imperialist ruling
circles" to Afro-coiffed Laureen Hobbs, a mid-30s black woman
(in dashiki) who calls herself "a bad-ass Commie nigger." Diana
is pleased she has immediate rapport with a terrorist guerrilla before
their negotiations begin: "Sounds like the basis of a firm friendship." Laureen's
associate lawyer Merrill Grant (Ken Kercheval) speaks on her behalf
with an opening position statement: "...our client, Ms. Hobbs,
wants it out front. The political content of the show has to be entirely
in her control." Diana's programming interest is to boost ratings
for a show about urban guerrillas - Hobbs would serve as a liaison
between the network and various revolutionary groups:
Diana: I'm interested in doing a weekly dramatic
series based on the Ecumenical Liberation Army, and I'll tell you
right now what the first show has to be - a two hour special on
Mary Ann Gifford. Let me tell you what I want. I want a lot more
film like the bank rip-off the Ecumenical sent in. The way I see
the series is: each week, we open with an authentic act of political
terrorism taken on the spot and in the actual moment. Then we go
to the drama behind the opening film footage. That's your job,
Ms. Hobbs. You've got to get the Ecumenicals to bring in that film
footage for us. The network can't deal with them directly. They
are, after all, wanted criminals.
Laureen: The Ecumenical Liberation Army is an ultra-left sect creating
political confusion with wildcat violence and pseudo-insurrectionary
acts which the Communist Party does not endorse. The American masses
are not yet ready for open revolt. We would not want to produce a
television show celebrating historically-deviational terrorism.
Diana: Ms. Hobbs, I'm offering you an hour of prime-time television
every week into which you can stick whatever propaganda you want.
Laureen: The Ecumenicals are an undisciplined ultra-left gang, whose
leader is an eccentric to say the least. He calls himself the Great
Ahmed Khan and wears a hussar's shako.
Diana: Ms. Hobbs, we're talking about thirty to fifty million people
a shot. That's a lot better than handing out mimeographed pamphlets
on ghetto street corners.
Laureen: I'll have to take this matter to the Central Committee,
and I'd better check it out with the Great Ahmed Khan.
In a small isolated farmhouse outside Los Angeles which
serves as the Ecumenicals' Headquarters, Laureen meets with the Great
Ahmed Khan (Arthur Burghardt) - who wears a hussar's shako and is
eating from a barrel of Kentucky Fried Chicken. Using the jargon
of television rather than her customary revolutionary rhetoric, she
promises him notoriety as a "household word" - along the
lines of the right-wing bigoted character from the All in the
Family TV show:
Laureen: I'm gonna make a TV star out of you. Just
like Archie Bunker. You gonna be a household word.
Khan: What the f--k are you talkin' about?
The Network News Hour has been enlarged to increase
the audience share, by including in its format a fortune teller,
a yellow journalist, a gossip columnist, and Beale who is billed
as "the Mad Prophet of the Airwaves":
Ladies and Gentlemen. The Network News Hour! with
Sybil the Soothsayer, Jim Webbing and his 'It's-the-Emmes-Truth
Department,' Miss Mata Hari and her skeletons in the closets, and
tonight, another segment of Vox Populi, and starring the mad prophet
of the airwaves, Howard Beale!
In front of a packed, applauding audience, Howard appears
on-stage (wearing a black suit, white shirt and black tie) as a messianic
figure in front of one colorful stained glass window. After presenting
a prophetic warning about the woes that face the public following
the death of Edward George Ruddy and the take-over of UBS-TV by C.C.A.,
he delivers a much-quoted commentary that attacks television itself.
He ends by encouraging his audience to turn their televisions off:
Edward George Ruddy died today! Edward George Ruddy
was the Chairman of the Board of the Union Broadcasting Systems
and he died at eleven o'clock this morning of a heart condition!
And woe is us! We're in a lot of trouble! So, a rich little man
with white hair died. What does that got to do with the price of
rice, right? And why is that woe to us?
Because you people and sixty-two million other Americans
are listening to me right now. Because less than three percent
of you people read books. Because less than fifteen percent of
you read newspapers. Because the only truth you know is what you
get over this tube. Right now, there is a whole, an entire generation
that never knew anything that didn't come out of this tube. This
tube is the gospel, the ultimate revelation. This tube can make
or break Presidents, Popes, Prime Ministers. This tube is the most
awesome, god-damn force in the whole godless world. And woe is
us if it ever falls into the hands of the wrong people and that's
why woe is us that Edward George Ruddy died.
Because this company is now in the hands of CCA,
the Communication Corporation of America. There's a new chairman
of the board, a man called Frank Hackett sitting in Mr. Ruddy's
office on the 20th floor. And when the twelfth largest company
in the world controls the most awesome, god-damn propaganda force
in the whole godless world, who knows what s--t will be peddled
for truth on this network.
So, you listen to me! Listen to me! Television is
not the truth. Television is a god-damned amusement park. Television
is a circus, a carnival, a traveling troupe of acrobats, story
tellers, dancers, singers, jugglers, sideshow freaks, lion tamers
and football players. We're in the boredom-killing business. So
if you want the truth, go to God. Go to your gurus, go to yourselves
because that's the only place you're ever gonna find any real truth.
But man, you're never gonna get any truth from us. We'll tell you
anything you want to hear. We lie like hell! We'll tell you that
Kojack always gets the killer, and nobody ever gets cancer in Archie
Bunker's house. And no matter how much trouble the hero is in,
don't worry. Just look at your watch - at the end of the hour,
he's gonna win. We'll tell you any s--t you want to hear.
We deal in illusions, man. None of it is true! But you people
sit there day after day, night after night, all ages, colors, creeds.
We're all you know. You're beginning to believe the illusions we're
spinning here. You're beginning to think that the tube is reality
and that your own lives are unreal. You do whatever the tube tells
you. You dress like the tube, you eat like the tube, you raise
your children like the tube. You even think like the tube. This
is mass madness. You maniacs. In God's name, you people are the
real thing. We are the illusion. So turn off your television sets.
Turn them off now. Turn them off right now. Turn them off and leave
them off. Turn them off right in the middle of this sentence I
am speaking to you now. Turn them off!
As he exorts his audience, his eyes circle around and
he collapses to the onstage floor in a swoon - a show-stopping seizure.
In a C.C.A. conference room, Hackett proudly makes
his annual report to senior executives on the board, gloating about "an
increase in projected initial programming revenues in the amount
of twenty-one million dollars due to the phenomenal success of the
Howard Beale Show. I expect a positive cash flow for the entire complex
of forty-five million achievable in this fiscal year, a year - in
short - ahead of schedule." He has turned the UBS Network into
"the most significant profit center of the communications complex." Arthur
Jensen (Ned Beatty), the President and Chairman of the Board of CCA
compliments Hackett on his "exemplary" work. |